Dermal Absorption and Toxicity Assessment, Vol. 91

Author: Michael S. Roberts
Published: June 1998
Publisher: Marcel Dekker
ISBN: 0824701542
Hardcover Book
Number of Pages: 785

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Broadly based and readily accessible, this book examines the dermal absorption process with emphasis on determining the toxicity arising from exposure to pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and other substances - serving as an excellent bench resource for scientists seeking effective and timesaving means of estimating risk. With over 2200 helpful references, tables, equations, drawings, and photographs. Dermal Absorption and Toxicity Assessment is an indispensable guide for pharmaceutical and cosmetic scientists, dermatologists, toxicologists, agrochemists, regulatory agency personnel, and graduate students in these disciplines. A major route of entry into the body for a number of hazardous chemicals may be absorption through the skin. Twenty-nine contributions explore the mechanisms, assessment, and prevention of this danger. The papers are organized into sections pertaining to: the structure of skin and principles of percutaneous absorptions; dermal risk assessment predicted from epidemiological factors, physiological models, in vitro/in vivo experimentation and chemical structures; absorption of pharmaceuticals and cosmetics; and environmental exposures, including compounds from soil and bathwater. . Roberts, Michael S., PhD (Univ of Queensland); Walters, Kenneth A., PhD (Univ of Wales)

Table of Contents
Preface
Contributors
1 The Relationship Between Structure and Barrier Function of Skin 1
2 Dermal Metabolism 43
3 Systemic Toxicity in Man Secondary to Percutaneous Absorption 103
4 Occupational Skin Disease: A Case Study 127
5 Current Issues in the In Vitro Measurement of Percutaneous Absorption 155
6 Investigation of Skin Permeation In Vitro 161
7 Prediction - Physiological Models 189
8 Prediction - Simple Risk Models and Overview of Dermal Risk Assessment 203
9 Cutaneous Microdialysis for Human In Vivo Dermal Absorption Studies 231
10 Physicochemical Determinants of Stratum Corneum Permeation 245
11 In Vitro/In Vivo Correlations in Transdermal Drug Delivery 269
12 Irritancy of Topical Chemicals and Transdermal Delivery Systems 281
13 Chemical Penetration Enhancement: Possibilities and Problems 297
14 Drugs Used for Skin Diseases 313
15 Drugs for Pain and Inflammation 327
16 Site of Effects 353
17 Iontophoresis 371
18 Topical Therapeutic Agents Used in Wound Care 415
19 Regulation of Cosmetics in the United States 443
20 Experimental Design Considerations and Use of In Vitro Skin Penetration Data in Cosmetic Risk Assessment 459
21 Percutaneous Absorption of Hair Dyes 489
22 Sunscreens: Toxicological Aspects 537
23 Exposure to Fragrances: Their Absorption and Potential Toxicity 601
24 Dermal Absorption and Toxicity Assessment 625
25 Human Skin Penetration by Metal Compounds 647
26 Soil Contamination: Theoretical Descriptions 669
27 Percutaneous Absorption of Hazardous Substances from Soil And Water 697
28 Bathing Water: Percutaneous Absorption of Water Contaminants 709
29 Ultrastructural Effects of Some Solvents and Vehicles on the Stratum Corneum and Other Skin Components: Evidence for an "Extended Mosaic-Partitioning Model of the Skin Barrier" 727
Index 753

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