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Table of Contents:

Introduction 1
Ch. 1 Measurement of amino acid concentrations in biological fluids and tissues using ion exchange chromatography 17
Ch. 2 Measurement of amino acid concentrations in biological fluids and tissues using reversed-phase HPLC-based methods 29
Ch. 3 Approaches to studying amino acid metabolism: from quantitative assays to flux assessment using stable isotopes 45
Ch. 4 Cellular uptake of amino acids: systems and regulation 63
Ch. 5 Amino acid metabolism and gluconeogenesis 83
Ch. 6 Contribution of amino acids to ketogenesis 97
Ch. 7 Ureagenesis and ammoniagenesis: an update 111
Ch. 8 Metabolism of branched-chain amino acids in man 123
Ch. 9 The glutamate crossway 135
Ch. 10 Arginine metabolism in mammals 153
Ch. 11 Glutamine metabolism 169
Ch. 12 Insulin and the regulation of amino acid catabolism and protein turnover 185
Ch. 13 Control of amino acid metabolism by counterregulatory hormones 201
Ch. 14 Nitric Oxide 211
Ch. 15 Control of amino acid metabolism by lipids, ketone bodies, and glucose substrates 241
Ch. 16 Amino acid signaling and the control of protein metabolism 253
Ch. 17 The role of amino acids in the control of proteolysis 275
Ch. 18 Anabolic effects and signaling pathways triggered by amino acids in the liver 291
Ch. 19 Amino acids and immune function 305
Ch. 20 Amino acid-mediated insulin secretion 321
Ch. 21 Cancer-associated canchexia: altered metabolism of protein and amino acids 339
Ch. 22 Diabetes mellitus 355
Ch. 23 Acidosis and amino acid metabolism 375
Ch. 24 Muscle protein and amino acid metabolism with respect to age-related sarcopenia 389
Ch. 25 Gastrointestinal disease 405
Ch. 26 Amino acids and ammonia in liver disease 419
Ch. 27 Nutritional essentiality of amino acids and amino acid requirements in healthy adults 439
Ch. 28 Neonatal requirements for amino acids 471
Ch. 29 Amino acid requirements in the elderly 483
Ch. 30 Amino acid requirements in sport 497
Ch. 31 Quantitative and qualitative amino acid intake by the parenteral route 519
Ch. 32 Quantitative and qualitative aspects of nitrogen supply in enteral nutrition in relation to free amino acids and peptides 529
Ch. 33 Branched-chain amino and keto acids in renal failure 557
Ch. 34 Glutamine-supplemented diets in enteral nutrition 577
Ch. 35 The use of arginine in clinical practice 595
Ch. 36 Glutamine and glutamine-containing dipeptides 613
Ch. 37 Ornithine [alpha]-ketoglutarate 633
Ch. 38 Amino acid support in patients with catabolic illness 649
Ch. 39 Sulfur-containing amino acids and glutathione in diseases 667
Ch. 40 Amino acid requirement in cancer 689
Ch. 41 Amino acid solutions for acute renal failure 705
Ch. 42 Amino acids to support gut function and morphology 717
Ch. 43 L-arginine-enriched diets in cardiovascular diseases 729
Ch. 44 Taurine homeostasis and its importance for physiological functions 739
Index 749