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Preface
Contributors
1 Ontogeny of the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis 1
2 Adrenal Organogenesis and Steroidogenesis: Role of Nuclear Receptors Steroidogenic Factor-1, DAX-1, and Estrogen Receptor 11
3 Reappraisal of Adrenal Zonation Theories Based on the Differential Regulation of Apoptosis 45
4 Pharmacology of Glucocorticoids: An Overview 59
5 Glucocorticoid Catabolism and the 11[beta]-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase System 71
6 Androgens of Adrenal Origin 81
7 Structure, Function, and Regulated Expression of the Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory (StAR) Protein: Molecular Insights Into the Acute Steroidogenic Response of the Adrenals and Gonads to Trophic Stimulation 107
8 Regulation of Adrenocortical Function by the Sympathoadrenal System: Physiology and Pathology 119
9 Interleukin (IL)-1 Family of Cytokines and Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) in the Adrenal Gland 131
10 Overview of Hyper- and Hypocortisolism 143
11 ACTH Resistance 155
12 Syndromes of Ectopic ACTH Secretion: Recent Pathophysiological Aspects 165
13 Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis of Cushing's Syndrome 179
14 The Desmopressin Test: A New Tool in the Functional Evaluation of the Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Patients with Cushing's Syndrome? 193
15 Pseudo-Cushing Syndrome 203
16 Adrenocortical Tumors and Oncogenes 219
17 Management of Adrenal Cancer 231
18 Adrenal Incidentalomas 249
19 Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency 263
20 Steroid 11[beta]-Hydroxylase Deficiency 273
21 Micronodular Adrenal Disease and the Syndrome of Myxomas, Spotty Skin Pigmentation, and Endocrine Overactivity 283
22 Congenital Lipoid Adrenal Hyperplasia 291
23 Congenital Adrenal Hypoplasia 303
24 The HPA Axis and HIV Infection 317
25 Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and Obesity 329
26 Aldosterone Synthase Deficiency 339
27 Mineralocorticoid Excess Syndromes 355
28 Pheochromocytoma: Progress in Diagnosis, Therapy, and Genetics 379
Index 415