Dermatotoxicology Methods: The Laboratory Worker's Ready Reference

Author: Francis N. Marzulli
Published: June 1998
Publisher: Taylor & Francis, Inc.
ISBN: 1560326727
Paperback Book
Number of Pages: 390

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Updated and expanded from the "Methods" section of the classic text, Derrnatotoxicology, Fifth Edition by the same authors, this new book presents and evaluates methods currently employed to identify the potential of certain types of chemicals to adversely affect the skin. Sixteen new chapters have been added, and other chapters have been revised to specifically meet the needs of the laboratory worker.A variety of test methods are included such as tests for skin penetration, metabolism, irritation, the skin immune system, photo effects, skin cancer, and topical effects of retinoids and depigmenting chemicals. Test for chemicals that affect the reproductive and nervous systems are also included. Both animal and human tests that have been standardized, in addition to tests that are under development and employ animal alternatives, are addressed in this book. Besides different testing methods, a rationale for accepting nonanimal models and a review of some regulatory agency discussions about animal alternative tests are included.

Table of Contents
Contributors
Preface
Preface to Dermatotoxicology, Fifth Edition
Ch. 1 Structure-Activity Relationships in Percutaneous Absorption 1
Ch. 2 Methods for in Vitro Percutaneous Absorption 7
Ch. 3 Percutaneous Absorption in Humans 15
Ch. 4 Percutaneous Absorption of Hazardous Substances from Soil and Water 29
Ch. 5 Isolated Perfused Porcine Skin Flap 41
Ch. 6 Methods in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling 51
Ch. 7 Methods for In Vitro Skin Metabolism Studies 69
Ch. 8 Developing a Toxicology Evaluation Plan for Transdermal Delivery Systems 75
Ch. 9 Animal, Human, and In Vitro Test Methods for Predicting Skin Irritation 89
Ch. 10 Structure-Activity Relationships in Contact Sensitization: Classification and Ranking of Allergens 115
Ch. 11 Test Methods for Allergic Contact Dermatitis in Animals 121
Ch. 12 The Local Lymph Node Assay 145
Ch. 13 Test Methods for Allergic Contact Dermatitis in Humans 153
Ch. 14 Contact Urticaria Syndrome 161
Ch. 15 Diagnostic Tests in Dermatotoxicology 177
Ch. 16 Use of Cytokines in Dermatotoxicology 187
Ch. 17 Characterization of Epidermal Langerhans Cells 207
Ch. 18 Measuring and Quantifying Ultraviolet Radiation Exposures 217
Ch. 19 Animal Models for Phototoxicity Testing 229
Ch. 20 Photoirritation (Phototoxicity) Testing in Humans 245
Ch. 21 The Evaluation of Photoallergic Contact Sensitizers in Humans 251
Ch. 22 Chemical Leukoderma (Depigmentation) 259
Ch. 23 New Models to Assess In Vitro Action of Retinoids 271
Ch. 24 Sample Protocols for Carcinogenesis and Photocarcinogenesis 281
Ch. 25 Testing for Reproductive Hazards from Dermal Exposure 303
Ch. 26 Quantitative Sensory Testing 313
Ch. 27 Alternative Methods in Dermatotoxicology 319
Ch. 28 Skin Equivalents to Measure Phototoxicity 337
Ch. 29 A Practical Process for Assessing the Validity of Alternative Methods for Toxicity Testing 351
Ch. 30 Update on Agency Initiatives in Alternative Methods 377
Index 383

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