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Drugs of Abuse: Neurological Reviews and Protocols

Author: John A. Howard
Published: January 2003
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 1588290573
Hardcover Book
Number of Pages: 528
 
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Drugs of Abuse: Neurological Reviews and Protocols


New molecular technologies have transformed our understanding of the neurological impact of drugs of abuse and opened many new possibilities for research. In Drugs of Abuse: Neurological Reviews and Protocols leading scientists from all over the world review these novel research areas and provide a cutting-edge collection of updated and core techniques for the neurological study of drugs of abuse. Described in step-by-step detail, these readily reproducible protocols cover a wide variety of coherent methods for gathering information on quantitative changes in protein and mRNA at both tissue and cellular levels. There are various methods for detecting single and multiple alterations in single and multiple gene expression, for analyzing the functional roles of genes and proteins, for studying the release kinetics of striatal dopamine, and for the quantitative measurement of such neurotransmitters as acetylcholine. Additional methods are provided for primary neural cell culture preparation, for an immunohistochemical method to examine cellular proliferation and differentiation, and for a culture method to grow viable neural progenitors. All contributors have considerable experience with the protocols covered, and each protocol has been thoroughly tried and successfully tested in the laboratory. Helpful notes for each method discuss tricks-of-the-trade, pitfalls to avoid, and troubleshooting. tate-of-the-art and highly practical, Drugs of Abuse: Neurological Reviews and Protocols offers insightful reviews of key current topics and a core collection of readily reproducible techniques essential for any neurobiological laboratory carrying out either basic analyses or seeking novel research approaches.


Wang (pharmacology, U. of Missouri-Kansas, City) has edited a collection of 35 papers organized into topics that include special reviews, detection of mRNA and protein expression in the striatum, gene function analysis, striatal culture preparation, detection of transmitter release in the striatum, and behavioral assessment. The chapters provide detailed descriptions of the steps and methods used to carry out the experiments presented. The contributors conduct research and teach in the US, the UK, France, Italy, Canada, and Sweden.


Table of Contents:


Preface
Contributors
1 The Temporal Sequence of Changes in Gene Expression by Drugs of Abuse 3
2 Effects of Psychomotor Stimulants on Glutamate Receptor Expression 13
3 Adult Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells in the Forebrain: Implications for Psychostimulant Dependence and Medication 33
4 Neuroprotective Effect of Naloxone in Inflammation-Mediated Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration: Dissociation from the Involvement of Opioid Receptors 43
5 Neuropharmacology and Neurotoxicity of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine 55
6 Learning and Memory Mechanisms Involved in Compulsive Drug Use and Relapse 75
7 From Drugs of Abuse to Parkinsonism: The MPTP Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease 103
8 In Situ Hybridization with Isotopic Riboprobes for Detection of Striatal Neuropeptide mRNA Expression After Dopamine Stimulant Administration 119
9 Combining In Situ Hybridization with Retrograde Tracing and Immunohistochemistry for Phenotypic Characterization of Individual Neurons 137
10 Analysis of mRNA Expression Using Double In Situ Hybridization Labeling with Isotopic and Nonisotopic Probes 153
11 Quantification of mRNA in Neuronal Tissue by Northern Analysis 161
12 Analysis of Gene Expression in Striatal Tissue by Multiprobe RNase Protection Assay 181
13 Analysis of mRNA Expression in Striatal Tissue by Differential Display Polymerase Chain Reaction 193
14 Semiquantitative Real-Time PCR for Analysis of mRNA Levels 211
15 Application of TaqMan RT-PCR for Real-Time Semiquantitative Analysis of Gene Expression in the Striatum 229
16 Systematic Screening of Gene Expression Using a cDNA Macroarray 243
17 Quantification of Protein in Brain Tissue by Western Immunoblot Analysis 263
18 Immunohistochemical and Immunocytochemical Detection of Phosphoproteins in Striatal Neurons 273
19 Analysis of Protein Expression in Brain Tissue by ELISA 283
20 Dopamine Receptor Binding and Quantitative Autoradiographic Study 297
21 Analysis of DNA-Binding Activity in Neuronal Tissue with the Electrophoretic Mobility-Shift Assay 315
22 Viral-Mediated Gene Transfer to Study the Behavioral Correlates of CREB Function in the Nucleus Accumbens of Rats 331
23 Generating Gene Knockout Mice for Studying Mechanisms Underlying Drug Addiction 351
24 Antisense Approaches in Analyzing the Functional Role of Proteins in the Central Nervous System 365
25 Primary Striatal Neuronal Culture 379
26 Primary Rat Mesencephalic Neuron-Glia, Neuron-Enriched, Microglia-Enriched, and Astroglia-Enriched Cultures 387
27 Primary Culture of Adult Neural Progenitors 397
28 Organotypic Culture of Developing Striatum: Pharmacological Induction of Gene Expression 405
29 Microdialysis Coupled with Electrochemical Detection: A Way to Investigate Brain Monoamine Role in Freely Moving Animals 415
30 HPLC/EC Detection and Quantification of Acetylcholine in Dialysates 433
31 Real-Time Measurements of Phasic Changes in Extracellular Dopamine Concentration in Freely Moving Rats by Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry 443
32 Measurement of Dopamine Uptake in Neuronal Cells and Tissues 465
33 Laboratory Analysis of Behavioral Effects of Drugs of Abuse in Rodents 475
34 Conditioned Place Preference: A Simple Method for Investigating Reinforcing Properties in Laboratory Animals 481
35 Detection of Cell Proliferation and Cell Fate in Adult CNS Using BrdU Double-Label Immunohistochemistry 499
Index 507


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Drugs of Abuse: Neurological Reviews and Protocols





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