Cariology for the Nineties

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Author: William H. Bowen
Published: June 1993
Publisher: University Of Rochester Press
ISBN: 1878822179
Hardcover Book
Number of Pages: 475

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Cariology for the Nineties

Dental caries, despite significant reductions in some populations, continues to be a major public health problem, and is the most prevalent disease affecting humans. However, even fundamental aspects of the pathogenesis of caries remain uncertain, calling for continuing scientific enquiry and the application of sophisticated techniques, from epidemiology to molecular biology. Although recent changes in the pattern of dental caries are identifiable, available data does not reveal whether, overall, caries is declining. The conference 'Cariology in the Nineties', held at the University of Rochester in 1991, by focusing on the etiology, pathogenesis and prevention of dental caries, emphasised the need to co-ordinate research in monitoring populations worldwide, and to change the focus of research to reflect the changing epidemiology and patterns of dental disease. Contents: Keynote address; Epidemiolgy; Saliva; Teeth; Clinical studies; Microbiology/Plaque; Diet/Nutrition/Prevention. W. H. BOWEN is Professor and Chair, Department of Dental Research, University of Rochester. LAWRENCE A. TABAK is Professor of Dental Research and of Biochemistry, University of Rochester. Conference overview of current research into the etiology, pathogenesis and prevention of dental caries. Reports from a conference held in 1991, at the University of Rochester, New York. Despite important advances, the editors warn, dental caries are still a public health challenge worldwide, and now is not the time for dentists and dental researchers to become complacent. Covers aspects of caries epidemiology, saliva, teeth, clinical studies, microbiology/plaque, and nutrition and prevention.

Table of Contents
List of Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgements
Keynote Address: Dental Caries: Another Extinct Disease? 1
Impact of Changing Patterns of Dental Caries 13
Caries In Our Aging Population: What Are We Learning? 25
Caries in Young Populations - Worldwide 37
Are We Using Epidemiology Effectively? 51
Molecular Biological Approaches to Caries: Role of Saliva 63
Hydroxyapatite - Interactive Proteins 71
Salivary Mucins and Dental Plaque Formation 85
Human Salivary Pellicle Glycoproteins: Identification and Bacterial Receptor Activity 107
Salivary Antimicrobials: Where Are We? 117
The Ebb and Flow of the Salivary Tide 133
Enamel and Dentine Gene Expression and Caries Resistance 145
Structure and Composition of Cementum 155
Enamel-Plaque Fluid Interactions 173
Physical Chemical Aspects of the Mineralization and Demineralization of Tooth Components 187
Relationship of In Vitro Studies to Clinical Problems 197
The University of North Carolina Caries Risk Assessment Study: Final Results and Some Alternative Modelling Approaches 209
Saliva Flow and Dental Caries in Aging Adults 235
Caries in Renal Dialysis Patients 249
Determinants of Virulence in Dental Plaque 261
Alternatives to Conventional Clinical Caries Trials 273
Adhesion and Cohesion of Plaque Microflora: A Function of Microbial Fimbriae and Fibrils? 287
Molecular Biology of Streptococcus mutans Virulence 301
Arginine Deiminase and Alkali Generation in Plaque 309
Ecological Determinants of Dental Root Surface Caries 319
Adaptations in Dental Plaque 333
Oral Ecological Disasters: The Role of Short-Term Extracellular Storage Polysaccharides 351
Effects of Diet and Nutrition on Saliva Composition 367
Sweeteners and Caries: Some Emerging Issues 383
Genetic Manipulation of the Oral Streptococci 397
Enhancing Effects of Fluoride 409
Promoting the Disposition of Acid in Dental Plaque 421
Vaccination: A Cariostatic Option? 441
Index of Subjects 459

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